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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">It’s great to get first-hand opinions. Kudos to you, Lynn for teaching your daughter to read captions when she was so young. Thank you for sharing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Leyna Bencomo<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Assistive Technology Specialist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Information Technology<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">University of Colorado Colorado Springs<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, EPC 215<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Colorado Springs, CO 80918<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">(719) 255-4202 /
<a href="mailto:lbencomo@uccs.edu">lbencomo@uccs.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.uccs.edu/~it/">http://www.uccs.edu/~it/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><img border="0" width="250" height="44" style="width:2.6041in;height:.4583in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.gif@01D2CEFA.FD32B3B0" alt="uccs-signature-email"></span><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> athen-list [mailto:athen-list-bounces@mailman13.u.washington.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Lynn Wilson<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 17, 2017 10:36 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Access Technology Higher Education Network' <athen-list@u.washington.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Athen] Food for Thought: Research in Machine ASL Translation<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Really interesting article and future developments may prove invaluable to Deaf sign language-users.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">I do agree that captions can be difficult to read with lower levels of reading skill. It also depends on how they are done though. Moving captions are very difficult to read if you need to look at words for a length of
time. Much easier if they are static on the screen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">It will also depend on whether written English is the native language. The difference in word order for ASL/BSL can mean that the reader is slower and so captions can be difficult to read. It is the same for Deaf or hearing
speakers of other languages too. I often advised academic staff that a transcript of videos may prove more useful than captions but this is a matter of student choice. Students with dyslexia, dyspraxia and AD(H)D also reported that they found captions distracting
so captions that can be switiched off are good.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">My daughter is profoundly Deaf and had her first hearing aids at 3 months old. I put all available captions on TV when she was very small so she got used to them. She learnt to speak nouns and verbs fairly easily but
conjunctions were difficult so I taught her to use them by reading them first. By the time she was 5 years old she was getting a good idea of what was going on in children’s TV programmes (those that were captioned). She reports that captions were vital to
her through secondary school and university. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Best wishes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Lynn<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> athen-list [<a href="mailto:athen-list-bounces@mailman13.u.washington.edu">mailto:athen-list-bounces@mailman13.u.washington.edu</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nast, Joseph<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 17 May 2017 16:15<br>
<b>To:</b> Access Technology Higher Education Network <<a href="mailto:athen-list@u.washington.edu">athen-list@u.washington.edu</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Athen] Food for Thought: Research in Machine ASL Translation<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Interesting article on slate.com:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><a href="http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2017/05/computer_avatars_can_translate_written_spoken_words_into_sign_language.html">http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2017/05/computer_avatars_can_translate_written_spoken_words_into_sign_language.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Particularly jarring quote from Harley Hamilton, computer scientist at Georgia Tech affiliated with the Center for Accessible Technology
in Sign (<a href="http://www.cats.gatech.edu/">http://www.cats.gatech.edu/</a>): “For kids, captioning is almost a waste of time… ”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">NOTE: According to the article, Mr. Hamilton’s reasoning seems to stem from Galludet University’s 2011 report entitled “Reading Research
& Deaf Children” (<a href="http://vl2.gallaudet.edu/files/8713/9216/6286/research-brief-4-reading-and-deaf-children.pdf">http://vl2.gallaudet.edu/files/8713/9216/6286/research-brief-4-reading-and-deaf-children.pdf</a>) which reports 18-year-olds who are deaf
on average have a reading level that “… has remained relatively stable at the third to fourth grade level for more than half a century.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Joseph M. Nast<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Assistive Technology Specialist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Lone Star College Cy Fair Disability Services<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Office: CASA 109<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Phone: (281) 290-3207<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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